Atopic dermatitis in cats and dogs: a difficult disease for animals and owners

Table 3 Clinical features, diagnosis and treatments of atopic dermatitis for small animals

	Dog	References	Cat	References
Age	Commonly 6 months to 3 years	[41]	Commonly < 3 years	[31, 32]
Clinical symptoms	Pruritus		Eosinophilic granuloma complex (indolent eosinophilic ulcer, eosinophilic granulomas, eosinophilic plaques)	[32, 46, 47]
	Inflammation (Erythema, self-induced alopecia, excoriation) secondary infection	[41, 42]	Head and neck pruritus
			Miliary dermatitis
			Self-induced alopecia
Affected body part	Ear pinnae, axillae, ventral abdomen, extremities, paws, inguinal, lips, perianal region	[42, 43]	Head, mouth, neck, abdomen, trunk
Diagnosis	Exclusion diagnosis (rule out differential diagnosis, compatible history and clinical signs		Exclusion diagnosis (rule out differential diagnosis, compatible history and clinical signs
Therapy	Allergen contact avoidance	[71]	Allergen contact avoidance
	Specific targeted: Allergen-specific immunotherapy	[70, 72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79, 81, 82]	Specific targeted: Allergen specific immunotherapy	[33]
	Untargeted, symptomatic:		Untargeted, symptomatic:
	Glucocorticoids	[85]	Glucocorticoids
	Ciclosporin	[86, 87, 89]	Ciclosporin	[88, 90, 91]
	Oclacitinib	[92,93,94,95]	Oclacitinib	[96]
	Lokivetmab	[83, 84]
	Antihistamines	[97,98,99,100, 103,104,105]	Antihistamines	[33, 106]
	Topical:		Topical:
	Shampoos	[113, 114]		[110]
	Hydrocortisone-aceponate	[108, 109]	Hydrocortisone-aceponate
	Tacrolimus	[111, 112]
Supportive dietary interventions	Essential fatty acids	[116,117,118,119]	Essential fatty acids	[115]
	Probiotics	[124, 125]
	Cholecalciferol	[129]

ISSN: 2045-7022